Computer Networking:

Two or more Computers that are able to connect and communicate with each other is called network. The Connection of these Computers is through a transmission media and a language (i.e., protocol) is required for the communication. Some advantages of networking include communication, internet access, data sharing, data security and management.

Transmission Media:

The media is either Physical or Wireless by which data transfer takes place. Physical Media includes Cables like Co-axial, Twisted-Pair and Fiber optics. Wireless Media includes Infrared, Microwave and Radio wave.

Language (PROTOCOL):

A networking protocol defines a set of rules, algorithms, messages and other mechanisms that enable software and hardware in the networked computers to communicate effectively.

Network Types:

• LAN � Local Area Network:

  LAN is a network within a building or campus, which the organization has its own accessories of media. The most common example of a LAN is a corporate network, like many companies and universities have installed to enable easy transfer of data.

• WAN � Wide Area Network:

  A computer network that spreads over a relatively large geographical area. Typically, a WAN consists of two or more LANs. These LANs are connected through telephone system or leased lines or satellites. The largest WAN in existence is the Internet.